What this work contributes
Combines repeated optical reflections with a primary electrostatic force balance to measure laser power. Its uncertainty budget separates noise, alignment and calibration effects; before-and-after measurements and an ABA analysis address drift.
Where the evidence stops
Repeated reflections enhance force on the sensing mirror while other mirrors carry reactions. This is a radiometer, not evidence that an enclosed assembly obtains amplified net thrust.
Keep the conditions with the result
- Measured / modeled quantity
- Optical power inferred from photon force; expanded measurement uncertainty
- Reported scale
- 100–5000 W at 1070 nm; 0.12% expanded uncertainty at 5 kW.
- Conditions
- Laboratory multiple-reflection optical apparatus with electrostatic force balance.
- Evidence context
- Compared with a thermal primary standard through a transfer standard at 2 kW; agreement within reported uncertainties.
- Design use
- Build the MF-01 calibration and drift-control plan around explicit uncertainty components.
- Review access
- Full-text abstract, methods, uncertainty table discussion and drift analysis inspected.
Original source
Brian J. Simonds, Kyle A. Rogers, Sven Schulze, David Newell, Gordon Shaw, Johannes Wahl, Paul A. Williams, John H. Lehman. Practical realization of the watt from Planck’s constant using radiation pressure. Metrologia 61, 064001 (2024).
How we use it
This record belongs to Photon momentum. Its evidence label describes the cited work, not the maturity of a Metric Flight device. Follow the original methods, corrections and conditions before transferring a result to a different geometry or scale.
Editorial note reviewed 19 October 2026. AI assisted research discovery and synthesis. Citation metadata and claims were checked against primary publication or institutional records; full-text access varies. Read the source for the complete method.