ARLO / ACTIVE SHIELDING / CONCEPT RESEARCH

See why energetic particles are harder to turn.

Calculate relativistic proton rigidity and uniform-field curvature radius. Educational tool, not a radiation dose or shield-design calculator.

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Lower rigidityHigher rigidity
Concept visualization · not a field solution or built hardware
Current evidenceLiterature + analytical modelNo measured ARLO shielding benefit

Proton bending scale

100 MeV proton at 1 T: rigidity 1.483 T·m; curvature radius 1.483 m.

Illustrative input. No dose reduction, practical coil specification or safe habitat size is calculated.

01

The calculation

For kinetic energy T and rest energy mc² = 0.9382720813 GeV, proton momentum pc = √[T(T + 2mc²)] in GeV. Magnetic rigidity Bρ = p / 0.299792458 in T·m for a singly charged proton. Radius ρ = Bρ/B assumes velocity perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field.

02

Read the limits

A smaller radius does not directly imply a specified dose reduction. The tool omits real coil geometry, particle directions, material interactions, secondary radiation, angular acceptance and exposure time. It cannot size a protective envelope or determine crew safety.

03

How this informs the next model

Use the scale to select numerical domains and benchmark a trajectory solver. The next engineering model must integrate trajectories through a computed three-dimensional field and then perform radiation transport. Do not interpret a chosen field value as an achievable ARLO operating point.

Research foundations

External work informs the study; it does not validate ARLO. Review date: 24 October 2026. Source access depth is stated below.

  1. NASA MAARSS engineering study, 2019 ↗

    Architecture, structural loads, quench protection and cooling; report summary reviewed.

  2. CREW HaT, Desiati & D’Onghia, 2022 ↗

    Preliminary magnetic habitat concept; abstract reviewed, not flight validation.

  3. Hesse-Withbroe & Arquilla, 2025 ↗

    Modeling preprint; revised strong-field performance. Abstract reviewed.

  4. NASA LEO station radiation environment, 2024 ↗

    Orbit-specific environment reference; presentation.

  5. NASA thermal-control overview ↗

    Engineering context for coatings, heat rejection and environment.

  6. ESA spacecraft impact shielding ↗

    Physical debris protection remains a separate system.

  7. NASA spacecraft power systems ↗

    Solar generation, eclipse storage and end-of-life considerations; overview reviewed.

FOLLOW THE DESIGN

Explore the next question.

ARLO active shielding researchExplore magnetic radiation shielding, MatterVolt surface research and a staged protection study for the ARLO station.Explore ↗How magnetic radiation shielding worksUnderstand magnetic rigidity, particle energy, field direction and why a magnetic field is not a universal barrier.Explore ↗ARLO radiation environment and protection tradeCompare low Earth orbit radiation hazards with deep-space shielding concepts before sizing an ARLO protection system.Explore ↗MatterVolt surfaces for ARLO shielding researchConnect MatterVolt optical boundary research to spacecraft surface and thermal studies without confusing optics with cosmic-ray shielding.Explore ↗ARLO superconducting shield concept designStudy candidate coil layouts, cryogenic loads, quench protection, docking access and passive shielding for ARLO.Explore ↗ARLO shielding validation and evidence gatesA staged validation plan for magnetic radiation shielding and MatterVolt surface concepts, from baseline models to independent review.Explore ↗Solar power for ARLO magnetic shieldingExplore the solar arrays, batteries and cooling needed for an ARLO magnetic-shield concept. Adjust a transparent preliminary power budget.Explore ↗ARLO magnet cooling and radiator designSeparate magnet heat leakage, cryocooler electricity and warm-end radiator rejection in the ARLO shielding concept.Explore ↗ARLO magnetic shield eclipse and failure operationsPlan battery reserve, magnet energization, cooldown and fault handling for a solar-powered ARLO shielding study.Explore ↗

Help test the protection concept.

We are defining a research scope for radiation transport, superconducting engineering and optical-material testing. No shield is offered for sale or operational use.

Discuss a technical contribution ↗Return to ARLO ↗